The presence of such formations is associated with the presence of HPV in a person. They may not remind you of yourself for a long time.
Reasons for appearance
The cause of warts is the papillomavirus, which causes papillomatosis. Such formations on the skin occur in the presence of provoking factors:
- Congenital or acquired form of immunodeficiency;
- stressful situations;
- the flu
- use of cytostatics;
- long-term use of antibiotics, hormonal, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs;
- chronic form of vitamin deficiency;
- persistent urogenital infections;
- Presence of herpes virus in the body.
Attention! The presence of HPV in a person does not guarantee the formation of neoplasms.
risk subgroups
Papillomavirus is present in the blood of about 85% of the population. Many people do not realize that they are carriers of the virus, because HPV is in a latent form and does not show external signs. People with weakened immune systems due to past illnesses, pregnancy, and diabetes are at risk.
In addition, those who use drugs that suppress the immune system are susceptible to infection. Those who frequently change sexual partners are also at high risk.
Ways of infection
There are 3 types of HPV transmission:
- sexy. This is the most popular method of infection, regardless of the type of sexual intercourse. The virus also spreads through kissing. By penetrating the mucous membrane of the genital organs, it enters the body with microscopic lesions. The infection lives in it for a long time.
- during childbirth. Infection occurs from mother to child during childbirth. At this time, the child may develop condyloma in the oral cavity and anogenital formations.
- Domestic. It is very rarely spread through contact. It enters the body through microcracks in the skin. This happens when people share personal hygiene items.
But by eliminating these methods of infection, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of pathology.
Characteristics of papillomas
HPV manifests itself in different ways and has the following characteristics:
- located inside the body without the formation of new growths on the skin. In such a situation, the doctor determines the hidden form of the pathology. It is possible to detect the pathogen without skin manifestations using PCR;
- in the form of formations on the skin in the episomal form of the virus;
- Promotes the degeneration of epithelial cells into benign cancerous neoplasms.
What do condylomas look like?
Condylomas are neoplasms on the skin and mucous membranes, which are inflammatory in nature. They have the following classification:
- with a wide base;
- It indicates a thin stem. They often appear on the skin of the genitals and in the arms. Sometimes it is located in the corners of the mouth.
Removal of condylomas is recommended at the first stage of their development. Only in such conditions is it possible to eliminate the pathology, probably once and for all. Conservative treatment methods often do not give expected results.
Symptoms and signs
Symptoms of HPV depend on the underlying cause. The disease has no general clinical symptoms. But the following signs stand out:
- the formation of formations;
- skin irritation;
- discomfort during intercourse;
- Redness and itching.
Attention! Skin irritation and itching sometimes indicate other pathologies. If such symptoms appear, you should immediately consult a doctor.
main differences
During visual external examination, as well as when determining the type, many patients, without experience, confuse one type of wart with another. They are divided into two types:
- Papillomas - have a round or thread-like shape with a thin base.
- Condylomas are growths of irregular shape. Their uneven contours, as a rule, protrude from the skin by 0. 5 cm.
Unlike papillomas, condylomas often appear on the dermis, near the genitals, on the labia of the penis and on the skin. They look darker in color and their formation confirms the presence of the HPV pathogen in the body.
diagnosis
The following diagnostic measures are known to determine the type of formations on the skin. They include:
- visual inspection;
- PCR, which makes it possible to determine the presence of HPV;
- genotyping. analysis that determines the type of virus;
- Histological diagnosis. Allows you to accurately determine the type of pathology, as well as the probability of a malignant tumor.
Treatment methods
Under no circumstances should you remove warts on your own. Before starting the procedure of excision of formations, doctors recommend taking the following measures:
- Take antiviral drugs. This makes it possible to inhibit HPV activity;
- Improve the functioning of the immune system - take vitamins and immunomodulators.
Treatment should be prescribed by the attending physician.
removal of equipment
Skin cancer can be eliminated in the following ways:
- surgical. Until recently, this was the main way to eliminate cancer. After the crust falls off, a scar is formed on the affected area. This forced specialists to look for other methods of carving out formations.
- chemical. Special medicines containing strong acids are used to burn warts.
- Cryocoagulation. The growth is frozen using liquid nitrogen at a low temperature. The increased risk of relapse is a significant disadvantage of using this method.
- Radio waves. It is painless and fast.
- using a laser. One of the newest ways to eliminate skin growths. Not suitable for all warts.
Wart removal methods directly depend on the severity of pathology, other diseases, immunity and other factors. Only on the basis of these indicators, the doctor can prescribe a specific method of excision.
Possible complications
If the pathology is not treated, then the probability of further infection increases, as a result of which the formations can spread to other areas of the skin and significantly weaken the functioning of the immune system. Such formations are dangerous because they cause complications:
- formation of papillomas, condylomas and warts;
- Papillomatosis. extensive growth of neoplasms;
- bleedingAs a rule, after hardware removal of papillomas;
- infection. The probability of infection increases during neoplasm injury;
- suppression of neoplasms;
- Ulcers occur due to long-term friction with clothes;
- precancerous condition;
- Tumor formations inside the body;
- risk of developing skin cancer;
- Asphyxia in childhood. When the larynx is affected by papillomas, breathing difficulties often appear. There is a risk of suffocation.
Important! Human papillomavirus is a serious pathology. It is impossible to ignore it and treat it independently. Otherwise, the disease may worsen.